Duns Scotus
Scottish Franciscan philosopher and theologian known as the Subtle Doctor for his precise philosophical distinctions. He defended the freedom of the will against determinism and the Immaculate Conception against Aquinas. His concept of haecceity (thisness) to explain individuation has influenced phenomenology.
Works
- OrdinatioSystematic theological commentary on medieval philosophical metaphysics
- Reportatio ParisiensisRecorded lectures and theological commentary from Paris teaching
- Questions on the MetaphysicsPhilosophical investigation of being, essence, and metaphysical reality
- Tractatus de Primo PrincipioTreatise on first principles and being in medieval philosophy
- Opus OxonienseTheological and philosophical work on divine and human knowledge