Immanuel Kant
The most important philosopher of the modern era, Kant effected a 'Copernican revolution' in philosophy by arguing that the mind actively structures experience. His three Critiques address knowledge, morality, and aesthetic judgment respectively. His categorical imperative remains the most discussed principle in ethics.
Works
- Critique of Pure ReasonTranscendental philosophy on knowledge, space, time, and categories of understanding
- Groundwork of the Metaphysics of MoralsDerivation of moral law from reason and concept of categorical imperative
- Critique of Practical ReasonCritical philosophy of practical reason and principles of moral will
- Critique of JudgmentAnalysis of aesthetic judgment and purposiveness in nature and art
- ProlegomenaIntroduction to Kant's critical philosophy and refutation of rival metaphysics