Fernand Braudel
French historian and leader of the Annales school whose The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II revolutionized historical practice by examining long-term environmental and economic structures rather than events and individuals. His work reshaped the discipline for a generation.
Works
- The MediterraneanLongue durée history of Mediterranean societies and economies across three centuries
- Civilization and CapitalismStructural history of European capitalism from sixteenth through eighteenth centuries
- The Identity of FranceExamination of French identity shaped by geography, history, and cultural traditions
- Out of Italy
- Afterthoughts on Material CivilizationEssays on the material foundations and human costs of Western civilization
- The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean WorldVast historical study of Mediterranean geography, societies, and economies over centuries
- Memory and the MediterraneanBraudel reflects on the Mediterranean in personal, historical, and philosophical terms