Sigmund Freud

Beyond the Pleasure Principle

Theory introducing death instinct opposing Eros as fundamental psychological force

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Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud

Austrian neurologist who founded psychoanalysis, the most influential theory of the mind in the 20th century. The Interpretation of Dreams proposed that unconscious wishes, revealed in dreams and slips of the tongue, are the key to understanding the mind. His work transformed psychiatry, literature, and culture, though much of it has been scientifically contested.

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