Ivan Illich

In the Vineyard of the Text

Medieval history exploring the transition from oral to written culture

About the author

Ivan Illich
Ivan Illich

Austrian-American philosopher and social critic whose Deschooling Society and Tools for Conviviality attacked modern institutions—schools, hospitals, transportation—for counterproductively increasing dependence and inequality. His concept of counterproductivity was enormously influential in radical educational and medical circles.

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